Lingua et Vita logo Journal for Research of Languages and Intercultural Communication
of the Faculty of Applied Languages, University of Economics in Bratislava
Current Issue
Lingua et Vita 17/2020
Issue IX/1 | Pages: 129 | ISSN 1338-6743
Registration Number: EV 5817/19
LANGUAGE, CULTURE, COMMUNICATION
ĽUBOMÍR GUZI – LANGUAGE AND THINKING ISSUES IN THE PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANT SOCIAL CHANGES
Abstract: In our paper we focus on the well-known dichotomy of the relationship between language and thought. After a short philological-philosophical introduction, we analyze this issue in the plan of radical socio-political changes in the Russian language environment that occurred after the end of the monarchy at the end of the second decade of the last century. We are looking for the etymology of changes in language and thought at the time, focusing on the emergence of new words that did not resonate in the thinking of the then Russian man, who at that time had not only problems with self-identification at the personality but also nomination level. Most of the citizens found themselves in a semantic remnant, not understanding the meaning of words that would soon become their thoughtful starting points for living in fundamentally new, in many experimental, conditions. We have also analyzed the cognitive processes of some linguistic-language turnovers of the main representatives of the newly formed social order, who were of major importance in shaping not only the then thought, but also the language.
Keywords: language and thought, Russian language, language picture of the world, linguoculturology, Russian society.
pp. 9 – 20
MAGDALÉNA BILÁ, ALENA KAČMÁROVÁ, INGRID VAŇKOVÁ – THE CONTOURS OF ENGLISH AS A LINGUA FRANCA IN SCHOLARLY PUBLISHING
Abstract: We consider writing styles culture-specific in terms of thought patterns and organizational principles; they reflect a cognitive style and evidence a linguistic tradition. The present research aims to identify preferences in academic writing of non-native speakers of English. The research plan is firstly to define the standards of Anglo-American writing style with regard to the verbalization of the methodology in a research paper; secondly to analyze corpus-based data with regard to how much the authors deviate from these standards. The research examines data taken from scholarly papers written by authors of different nationalities, and thus contributes discussion on what contours ELF takes in scholarly publishing.
Keywords: writing style, cognitive style, linguistic tradition, Anglo-American writing style, scholarly publishing, research methodology.
pp. 21 – 27
ELENA MELUŠOVÁ – WORDS FORMATION IN FRENCH
Abstract: The aim of the papers to outline the most productive ways of words formation in French , mainly by derivation through affixation, abbreviations, acronyms , metaphors, metonyms, which are penetrating to every day and specific wordstock . The paper shows the most productive proceedings of word formation for specific purposes in contemporary French language. The specific examples are used for comparison of Professional terms, and some of them became internationalisms.
Keywords: lexis, word formation, affixation, abbreviations, shortening words, metaphors, metonyms.
pp. 28 – 35
T. V. MOROZKINA, E. S. SEMENOVA – THE EXCHANGE OF COMMUNICATION ROLES IN MEDIA DISCOURSE BASED ON THE PRESS CONFERENCES FIFA 2018
Abstract: In this article we analyzed the communicative acts, purposes of communication, communicative strategies that refer to the successful communication in the situation of modern media discourse based on the example of answers to questions at the press conferences of Russian and German national football teams.
Keywords: communication, communication strategy, media discourse, communicative behaviour, verbal communication, interpersonal interaction.
pp. 36 – 49
IVETA RIZEKOVÁ – LEXICAL DYNAMICS OF PROFESSIONAL FRENCH
Abstract: The paper deals with the dynamic processes in professional vocabulary. It aims to identify, based on examples selected from economic papers, those processes and methods of creating terminology in the area of entrepreneurial and business communication that are the most productive from a synchronic perspective. The author first studies the extralinguistic factors causing the necessity of creating terminological neologisms in the sphere of economy. Further, she specifies the individual methods of expanding and modifying the economic vocabulary from both internal and external sources. Finally, she summarises and evaluates the impact of lexical changes in professional language on the overall dynamics in language.
Keywords: dynamics, economic term, professional vocabulary, language borrowing, contraction.
pp. 50 – 58
RADOSLAV ŠTEFANČÍK – WAR METAPHOR IN THE LANGUAGE OF POLITICS
Abstract: The aim of this article is to explain how the metaphor of war and military vocabulary are used in the language of politics. The analysis primarily deals with the use of war metaphor, but also assumes that a lot of war-related terms are used in politics. The analysis is based on the hypothesis that the metaphor of war is used in escalated situations or to emphasize the importance of policy measures. War metaphor is also an essential part of political communication during the election campaign. Special attention is paid to the political communication of the far right. We assume that the representatives of this ideological group use military terminology much more than democratic politicians. Metaphors can induce different kinds of emotions in the population, while the emotion of fear is one of the fundamental emotions that right-wing extremists use to mobilize their voters.
Keywords: metaphor, war, politics, language, Slovakia, political parties, communication.
pp. 59 – 69
MARTINA ULIČNÁ – CZECH LANGUAGE IN LANGUAGE PREPARATION OF FOREIGN STUDENTS AT SLOVAK UNIVERSITIES
Abstract: Intercomprehension as the ability to understand a text in a certain foreign language based on the native language or on the basis of knowledge of another foreign language acquired by the study is often mentioned in connection with the teaching of foreign languages in Slovakia. Given the typological proximity, genetic kinship and intensive contacts in near and far history, Slovak-Czech language proximity is a prerequisite for successful understanding of Czech written and spoken text by foreigners who study Slovak as a foreign language. In Slovak language practice, these Czech-Slovak intensive language contacts are the reason why we are talking about the place of an intercomprehensive Czech course in the teaching of Slovak as a foreign language.
Keywords: intercomprehension, Slovak language for foreigners, Czech language in Slovakia, Slovak-Czech contrastive comparative studies.
pp. 70 – 78
MILADA WALKOVÁ – SLOVAK CULTURE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SELECTED CULTURAL DIMENSIONS
Abstract: The paper evaluates Slovak culture in terms of selected cultural dimensions from Hofstede (1991) and Minkov (2011) on the basis of an analysis of present and past social phenomena in Slovakia, as well as Slovaks’ behaviour and use of language. These are in places contrasted with respective aspects of British and/or Dutch culture. The paper focuses mostly on the sphere of education, written academic discourse and personal and social deixis as a means of referring to the communicative roles or social status of discourse participants. It is argued that Slovak culture largely shows features of uncertainty avoidance, flexumility, collectivism, exclusionism and greater power distance. These characteristics, however, can have negative impact on Slovak society, including corruption, plagiarism, limited political activism and less effective implementation of innovations.
Keywords: intercultural communication, cultural dimensions, Slovak culture, Slovak society, personal deixis, social deixis.
pp. 79 – 90
DIDACTICS AND METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING AND FOREIGN LANGUAGES
VLADIMÍR BILOVESKÝ – SELF-REFLECTION AMONG STUDENTS AND TEACHERS: FEEDBACK WITHIN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Abstract: This paper deals with the need to change current educational methods used by universities. Traditional methods seem not to be satisfactory to teach students to evaluate data, make decisions, take responsibility and develop their critical thinking. Therefore, a new form of teaching and new approaches to teaching may help students to develop the above-mentioned skills. This kind of teaching also requires development and improvement of university teachers’ educational competencies because the traditional teacher-student relationship also changes, as do their roles in the education process.
Keywords: assessment process, self-assessment, reflection, self-reflection, learning process, teaching process, roles of teachers, roles of students, diary, teaching innovation, critical thinking, the teaching model of specialized translation.
91 – 99
TRANSLATOLOGY
JARMILA OPALKOVÁ – LANGUAGE IDENTITY IN OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS. TRANSLATION PRACTICE
Аbstract: The issue of linguistic identity as a status of identity of each cultural community is reflected in the paper from the perspective of extralingual and linguistic specifics. A special focus lies on the demonstration of the dissonance of the transcription of onymic structures of the source text, resp. of Cyrillic-mediated anthroponyms into Latin. The openness of the question declares the instability of the transliteration norm of transcription and the conflict at the level of domestic tradition vs. international trends of globalization in real practice. The article is a probe into the issue of contrastive translatology from the perspective of language policies applied in the EU, RF and SR. The author tries to demonstrate at the application level how in the social practice the pressure of globalization and internationalization forces ethnicities to unify some procedures in dealing with an aspect such as interlingual communication.
Keywords: language identity, norms of translation, international transliteration, transcription of personal names, correlated graphic writing systems: Latin, Cyrillic.
pp. 100 – 108
JOZEF ŠTEFČÍK – INTERPRETATION OF ETHICS IN THE EDUCATION OF INTERPRETERS
Abstract: The paper deals with the topic of ethics in terms of professional interpreting and the related requirements and expectations of interpreting training. Various codes of ethics and examples show how ethical criteria are used or should be used in different types of interpreting settings. For this purpose, proposals are made on how ethical principles should be interpreted so that they can be applied appropriately in the interpreters´ training.
Keywords: ethics, interpreting, training, interpreters.
pp. 109 – 116
OĽGA WREDE, DAŠA MUNKOVÁ, KATARÍNA WELNITZOVÁ – EFFECTIVENESS OF MACHINE TRANSLATION POST-EDITING: A CASE STUDY FOCUSING ON THE TRANSLATION OF LEGAL TEXTS FROM SLOVAK INTO GERMAN
Abstract: This paper focuses on the effectiveness of machine translation post-editing in contrast with human translation. The effectiveness of post-editing was examined on the machine translation of a legal text (advice to defendant) from the mother tongue (Slovak) into a foreign language (German). The aim of the study is to compare the quality of a post-edited machine translation with a human translation using the automatic measures of machine translation evaluation, considering a time limit as a key factor. The results showed a statistically significant difference between the human translation and the post-edited machine translation in favour of the post-edited machine translation. Furthermore, the result points at the factors that influence the quality of the post-edited machine translation of legal texts in the language pair Slovak – German.
Keywords: Machine translation, Human translation, Post-editing, MT Evaluation, Legal text, German language, Slovak language.
pp. 117 – 127
